Knowledge
Short, topical reads - five to six hundred words on a single question of corporate law, governance or funding. Written to be finished in one sitting and acted on the same day.
Article
6 min read
You have seen your first term sheet. You know valuation exists. You have heard words like 'Series A', 'convertibles' and 'venture debt'. But beyond the headlines, how does funding actually work across rounds and what…
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3 min read
A term sheet arrives and it feels like the moment you have been working toward. It is tempting to sign quickly, before the investor changes their mind. That instinct is exactly what experienced investors are counting on…
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4 min read
Incorporation feels like the finish line. The certificate of incorporation is in their hand, the company exists, surely the hard part is done.
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4 min read
Your first few hires usually join on a one-page offer letter and a handshake. It feels right for the stage - informal, fast-moving, high-trust. It is also exactly how startups end up with no legal claim to code an early…
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4 min read
Somewhere in the incorporation paperwork is a form called a "consent to act as director." Founders sign it without a second thought. It feels like a formality, one more box in the SPICe+ filing.
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
Indian families move money and property among themselves constantly - a parent helping a child buy a first home, a grandmother gifting jewellery, siblings splitting an inheritance unevenly by mutual agreement. Most of this happens without anyone thinking…
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
As more Indian families accumulate significant personal wealth before marriage - inherited property, a business stake, personal savings and investments - a question comes up more often than it used to: can a couple enter into a prenuptial agreement in India,…
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
Most estate planning conversations still centre on property, bank accounts, and investments - the kinds of assets that have existed, in recognisable form, for generations. A growing share of most people's actual lives, and increasingly their wealth, now sits…
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4 min read
Most founder disputes do not happen because two people disagreed. They happen because two people never actually agreed in the first place - they each walked away from a conversation with a different understanding of…
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There is no single national SHe-Box deadline - registration is rolling out state by state, district by district, and the obligation your organisation faces depends on where it operates.
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Missing a statutory POSH timeline, even by a few days, can undermine an otherwise well-handled inquiry. Every deadline matters.
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A target's POSH compliance history is a legitimate, checkable governance signal - not a peripheral HR matter to be waved through.
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Since 2023, the Supreme Court has kept a direct, active watch over how the POSH framework is actually implemented - and that watch has intensified, not eased.
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Composition isn't a formality - it's the mechanism the POSH Act relies on to make an inquiry fair in the first place.
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5 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
Most people put off making a will. It feels premature, morbid, or simply unnecessary - something for the very old or the very wealthy. This is one of the most common and most expensive misconceptions in personal legal planning. The truth is simpler: if you…
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
Ask most people what happens to their bank account, mutual fund, insurance policy, or demat holding when they pass away, and the answer comes quickly: "I've added a nominee, so it goes to them." This is one of the most widely held - and legally incomplete -…
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
The word "trust" tends to conjure images of offshore secrecy or enormous inherited fortunes. In reality, a trust is a fairly ordinary legal tool - one that many Indian families with far more modest estates could use well, if they understood what it actually…
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
If you come from a Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, or Jain family in India, you have probably heard the term "HUF" - usually in the context of taxes, or an older relative mentioning "the family's HUF property." Few people outside a tax or legal practice can explain…
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
Inheriting property or money in India while living abroad raises a set of questions that purely domestic succession planning doesn't answer: which succession law applies, how you actually take ownership from overseas, and - critically - how much of it you can…
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
When a family disagrees over property - who should get what share, how a jointly held asset should be divided, or how to interpret an unclear will - the instinctive assumption is often that litigation is the only path to a binding resolution. In many cases,…
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4 minute read
Private Client & Family Wealth
If you have children under 18, one succession-planning question is easy to overlook precisely because it feels distant: what happens to the money or property they inherit - from you, or from a grandparent, or through an insurance payout - before they're old…
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8 min read
A GIFT City entry is two approval tracks running in sequence, not one - and treating it as a single licence application is the most common reason timelines slip by months.
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7 min read
Six regulatory events in fifteen months, for one licence category alone. A set-up memo written in early 2025 is already missing a material fraction of what governs that entity today.
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8 min read
Three genuinely different trade-offs for a fund with India exposure - and the right answer depends on the mandate, not the headline numbers.
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8 min read
Irish leasing SPVs became the industry default for good reasons. GIFT City's stacked exemptions - and an extended runway - now make the comparison genuinely competitive.
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8 min read
India's tax law has a purpose-built mechanism to move an existing Mauritius, Singapore or Cayman fund into GIFT City without crystallising a tax bill on the move.
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5 min read
You have not filed anything yet. There is no company, no bank account, no letterhead - just an idea and, usually, a co-founder. It feels too early for lawyers.
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9 min read
"Tax-free" is close enough for a headline and vague enough to get a client into trouble. The real package is specific, conditional - and several expiry dates have quietly moved.
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8 min read
The 2025 Regulations repealed and replaced the 2022 framework - and IFSCA has kept moving since. If your understanding is a few months old, parts of it are probably wrong.
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7 min read
The first real decision in GIFT City is not which scheme to launch - it is which Fund Management Entity category to register under.
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7 min read
The first question is not "how do I get licensed" - it is which of IFSCA's several on-ramps actually fits what you are building.
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3 min read
Convertible notes, CCDs and SAFEs exist because both sides would rather defer the valuation question than fight over it too early.
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3 min read
An outgoing Independent Director's resignation is now a material public-governance event, not an administrative filing. Handle it as one.
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5 minute read
How India's seed rounds actually get built now - one clean line on the cap table, and the shadow governance that sits behind it.
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5 minute read
The real choice facing Indian founders in 2026 - what a clean cap table is worth, which three funding terms actually bind you, and how to decide.
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3 min read
Informal disagreement rarely survives an investigation. A contemporaneous record of dissent does.
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2 min read
A 182-day physical-presence test, missed most often by founder-led groups and foreign-owned subsidiaries.
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2 min read
For the top 1,000 listed entities, cover for Independent Directors is a governance requirement - and the exclusions matter more than the limit.
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11 min read
Liquidation preference, anti-dilution, drag rights and reserved matters do more to determine a founder's financial result than valuation ever will.
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3 min read
Section 185 turns routine group financing into a question of exact shareholding, lender type and use of proceeds.
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2 min read
Liability does not attach to every director equally. A written responsibility matrix decides who answers for what.
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2 min read
Section 179(3) reserves certain powers for the Board. An informal management understanding is not a substitute for authority.
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2 min read
Director eligibility is a live governance control, not a once-a-year filing.
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2 min read
Section 441 offers a route out of prosecution. Whether to take it is a strategic decision, not an automatic one.
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9 min read
Insolvency, Distress & Restructuring
Personal exposure for directors does not begin at insolvency. It begins earlier, at the point where the board's decisions stop being commercial judgment and start being deferral.
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2 min read
Form SH-9 is signed by directors on affidavit. It is not a routine CFO certification.
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2 min read
A credible evaluation is demonstrated by what changed after it.
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2 min read
The rules have moved. Check the operative version before issuing notice, not the restrictions you remember.
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2 min read
A recovery right that has never been tested against a scenario is a disclosure, not a remedy.
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2 min read
Directorships and direct shareholdings are the easy cases. The relationships that matter often sit one layer further out.
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8 min read
Corporate & Commercial Contracts
A cap, a carve-out and an indemnity are usually drafted by different people at different times. Read together, they often say something nobody intended.
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2 min read
The SBO analysis begins at 10 percent and traces through companies, partnerships and trusts.
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2 min read
A policy and a reporting email address are not a vigil mechanism. Test the channel before you need it.
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3 min read
Contemporaneous records are the difference between demonstrating control of price-sensitive information and reconstructing it from email.
ReadNote
6 min read
Corporate Law & Governance Advisory
Most related-party disputes are not about whether the transaction was fair. They are about whether the company can demonstrate how it concluded that it was.
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7 min read
An option pool is a capital structure decision, an employment decision and a tax decision at once. Most schemes are drafted as though it were only the first.
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9 min read
Cross-Border, Fintech & Emerging Technology
Data-transfer compliance is increasingly a contracting problem before it is a technology problem. The paperwork is what a regulator reads first.
ReadNote
6 min read
Most listed companies have a code. Fewer have a monitoring process that would demonstrate compliance if it were examined.
ReadUpdate
5 min read
Competition, Regulatory & Allied Laws
Notifiability is not a compliance afterthought. Assessed early, it shapes structure, timeline and conditionality; assessed late, it dictates them.
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